Deep-fry shortenings pass fat to anything cooked in them. An NIH inpatient RCT (Hall et al., Cell Metab 2019) found ultra-processed diets drove +508 kcal/day overconsumption versus matched whole-food meals. Fried foods inherit that extra calorie load.
How should I track Shortening frying (heavy duty), palm (hydrogenated)?
With calorie-dense foods like Shortening frying (heavy duty), palm (hydrogenated), a kitchen scale is your best friend. Research shows that portion estimation errors reach 50–200% for fats and oils (Almiron-Roig et al., Appetite 2013) — even a tablespoon off can mean 40–120 extra calories. Weigh on a scale rather than eyeballing — this applies to both liquid oils and solid fats like butter. If you use cooking sprays, note that "0 calorie" labels are per fraction-of-a-second spray — a realistic burst is closer to 5–10 calories, and multiple sprays add up.